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SAMPLE ABSTRACT

  
     




 
 

Gabriela Parra-Olea*, Ernesto Recuero-Gil, Guillermo Velo-Anton.
Systematics and conservation of the genus Ambystoma in Mexico.
Instituto de Biología, UNAM
gparra@ibiologia.unam.mx

Mexico presents a relatively high diversity of salamanders of the genus Ambystoma, with 16 endemic species mostly distributed along the Transverse Neovolcanic Belt, with transforming and also facultative and strict neotenic forms. Several factors such as habitat lost and alteration, emergent diseases or exotic species threaten most of the species. However, a major problem to preserve the diversity of Mexican Ambystoma is the unresolved systematic and taxonomy of the group, which has become a hard-to-resolve mess. We have analyzed the phylogenetic usefulness of different molecular markers, such as mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. These data shows a very shallow interspecific genetic differentiation and fail to resolve most of phylogenetic relationships, presenting the existence of several non-monophiletic species. Apparently the taxonomic diversity of this group is overestimated ad our results are more concordant with the existence of a few polymorphic species. Other possibility is that Ambystoma in central Mexico has experienced a recent, rapid radiation with not enough time to accomplish full lineage sorting. The use of faster markers, such as microsatellites, and a different point of view, closer to population genetics, will be useful to clarify this situation. Our preliminary results with microsatellites show different levels of genetic diversity among species, being larger in a transforming population from central Mexico than in a neotenic and a peripheral population.